Before understanding how non-woven fabrics are formed, let's first understand how fibers are produced. Natural fibers exist in nature. Chemical fibers (including man-made fibers and synthetic fibers) are formed by dissolving polymer compounds in a spinning solution in a solvent or by melting at high temperature into a melt, and then extruding the solution or melt from the spinneret of a spinning pump. primary fibers. The jetted stream is cooled and solidified to form primary fibers, which, after corresponding treatment, form staple fibers or filament fibers that can be used for weaving.
Weaving is spinning fibers into yarn, which is then woven into cloth by weaving. Non-woven fabrics do not require spinning and weaving, so how does it turn fibers into fabrics? There are many production processes for non-woven fabrics, and the processes are also different, but the central process includes fiber web forming and fiber web reinforcement.
"Fiber web" as the name implies is the making of fibers into a mesh. Commonly used methods are dry mesh, wet mesh, rotary mesh, meltblown mesh, etc.
Dry and wet webs are more suitable for short fiber webs. In general, fiber materials need to be pretreated, such as pulling large fiber clusters and fiber blocks into small pieces to loosen them, remove impurities, and evenly mix various fiber components for use before forming a web. The dry process is usually to arrange and stack the pretreated fibers into a fiber web of a certain thickness. Wet web is to disperse short fibers in water containing chemical additives to form a suspended slurry, and then filter the water. The fibers deposited on the filter will form the fiber web.
Both spinning and meltblown webs use the spinning method of chemical fibers, and the fibers are directly laid into the web during the spinning and forming process. Spinning into a web means that after the spinning solution or melt is ejected from the spinneret, it is cooled and stretched to form filaments of a certain fineness, and a fiber web is formed on the receiving equipment. The meltblown web uses high-speed hot air to extremely stretch the fine air flow from the spinneret to form ultra-fine fibers, and then collect the ultra-fine fibers on the receiving equipment to form a fiber web. The fiber diameter formed by the melt-blown method is small, which is beneficial to improve the filtration efficiency.
The above is a brief introduction of how non-woven fabrics are formed. If you have a demand for non-woven products or learn more about non-woven fabrics, please contact us.